The Translation of Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago: The Evolution of a Festival
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25071/1925-5624.37814Palavras-chave:
carnaval, festival, tradução, transculturação, Trinidad e TobagoResumo
O carnaval como um meio de expressão cultural é um festival que existe em diversas formas pelo mundo todo. Neste artigo, a autora examina o carnaval em Trinidad e Tobago através da lente dos estudos da tradução. Um objeto cultural como um festival ser descrito como uma tradução? Para explorar a maneira como o processo de evolução do carnaval se assemelha ao processo de tradução de um texto, a autora se baseia na ampla noção de tradução como qualquer processo que ultrapasse fronteiras sistêmicas, proposta por Toury, além de no modelo descritivo de tradução de Toury, no conceito de transculturação de Fernando Ortiz e na teoria dos polissistemas de Even-Zohar. Por fim, conclui que essa evolução na verdade não é um simples processo de tradução, mas de transculturação.Referências
“Abolition of Slavery.” Nalis. National Library and Information System Authority. Web. 13 Nov. 2011
Abrahams, Roger. Afterword. Trinidad Carnival: The Cultural Politics of a Transnational Festival. By Green, Gareth and Phillip Scher, eds. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2007. 218-226. Print.
Bettelheim, Judith, John Nunley, and Barbara Bridges. “Caribbean Festival Arts: An Introduction.” Caribbean Festival Arts: Each and Every Bit of Difference. Eds. John Nunley, and Judith Bettelheim. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 1988. 31-38. Print.
Berrian, Brenda. Awakening Spaces: French Caribbean Popular Songs, Music and Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. Print.
Burke, Peter. Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe. Rev. ed. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company, 1994. Print.
Cowley, John. Carnival, Canboulay and Calypso: Traditions in the Making. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Print.
Esipsu, Manoah, and Isaac Khaquli. Eyes of Democracy: The Media and Elections. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2009. Print.
Even-Zohar, Itamar. “Polysystem Theory.” Poetics Today 1 (1979): 287-310. Web. 1 Nov. 2011.
Even-Zohar, Itamar. “The Position of Translated Literature in the Literary Polysystem.” The Translation Studies Reader. Ed. Lawrence Venuti. New York: Routledge. 2004. 192-197. Print.
Even-Zohar, Itamar. Papers in Culture Research. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Unit of Culture Research, 2010. PDF File on Web. 14 Nov. 2012.
Geertz, Clifford. “Art as a Cultural System.” MLN 91.6 (1976): 1473-1499. Web. 19 Aug, 2013.
Green, Gareth. “Authenticity, Commerce and Nostalgia in the Trinidad Carnival.” Trinidad Carnival: The Cultural Politics of a Transnational Festival. Eds. Gareth Green, and Phillip Scher. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. 2007. 62-83. Print.
Green, Gareth and Phillip. Scher, (2007). Introduction. Trinidad Carnival: The Cultural Politics of a Transnational Festival. By Green and Scher, eds. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. 2007. 1-24. Print.
Liverpool, Hollis. Rituals of Power and Rebellion: The Carnival Tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763- 1962. Chicago: Research Associates School Times; Frontline Distribution. 2001. Print.
Nettleford, Rex. “Implications for Caribbean Development.” Caribbean Festival Arts: Each and Every Bit of Difference. Eds. John Nunley, and Judith Bettelheim. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 1988. 183-197. Print.
Nurse, Keith. “Globalization and Trinidad Carnival: Diaspora, Hybridity and Identity in Global Culture.” Cultural Studies 13.1 (1999); 661-690. Web. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/095023899335095
Ortiz, Fernando. Cuban Counterpoint: Tobacco and Sugar. Trans. H. de Onis. New York: A.A. Knopf. 1947. Print.
Rector, Monica. “The Code and Message of Carnival: ‘Escolas-de-Samba’.” Carnival! Ed. Thomas Sebeok. Berlin; New York; Amsterdam: Mouton. 1984. 37-165. Print. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110848717.89
Scher, Phillip. “Copyright Heritage: Preservation, Carnival and the State in Trinidad.” Anthropological Quarterly 75.3 (2002): 453-484. Web. 13 Nov. 2011.
Scher, Phillip. Carnival and the Formation of a Caribbean Transnation. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. 2003. Print.
Tallant, Robert. Mardi Gras. Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co. Inc. 1948. Print.
Thompson, Robert Farris. “Recapturing Heaven’s Glamour: Afro-Caribbean Festivalizing Arts.” Caribbean Festival Arts: Each and Every Bit of Difference. Eds. John Nunley, and Judith Bettelheim. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 1988. 17-29. Print.
Toury, Gideon. Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing. 1995. Print. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.4
TTCSI. Project ICT Innovations for the Development of the Masquerade Industry in Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad and Tobago Coalition of Services Industries. PDF File on Web. 17 Nov. 2011.
Tymoczko, Maria. Enlarging Translation, Empowering Translators. Manchester: St. Jerome. 2007. Print.
West-Durán, Alan. “Nancy Morejón: Transculturation, Translation and the Poetics of the Caribbean.” Callaloo, 28.4. 2005: 967-976. 21 November, 2011.
Downloads
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
